


The Tennessee 
Centennial 



New York State Day 
Brooklyn Day 



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tV' 



THE 

TENNESSEE 

CENTENNIAL 




'qm.i' 




Published by tlie 

New York State 

and Broolilyn Commissioiiei s 

Eighteen Hundred and 

Ninety-eight 



A SOUVENIR '^f!t:t 

the Brooklyn Party and the New York 
State Commissioners to attend the ' ' Brooklyn 
Day," and the "New York State Day " 
Exercises at the Nashville Exposition, 
October Eighth to October Fifteenth, 
Eighteen Hundred and Ninety-seven. 






51 2G 



MADE BY THE 
EAGLE PaESS, BROOKLYN-NEW YORK. 



^ 



PREFACE. 

Merely a few notes abovit a Southern pilgrimage, printed 
by direction of members of the part}^ who desired some 
lasting memento calculated to refresh their memory in 
years to come. 



The Tennessee Centennial 



(^* (^* (j^* 5^'W {,5* ((?* 



^HE Nashville exctirsion of 1897, under the auspices 
of the Brooklyn Commission and the New York 
State Commission, was a source of pleasure to 
every participant. It is not the purpose of this 
sketch to present a complete record of events from the 
inception of the movement which resulted in the Southern 
jaunt to the last step of the homeward journey, but rather 




BIRD S-EYE VIEW OF EXPOSITION. 



to give a running account of the main features of the trip, 
and to recount a few of the many pleasant incidents. 

In the first place, October 11, 1897, was Brooklyn Bslj 
at the Nashville Exposition, and October 12 was New York 
State Day. The State Comraissioners named by Governor 
Morton were: John C. Eames, New York, President ; Timo- 
thy L. Woodruff, Vice-President; Geo. F. Kunz, New York, 



6 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



Treasurer; John C. Latham, 
New York; Robert R. Hefibrd, 
Buffalo; Herbert P\Gvuinison, 
Brookh-n ; James Swann, New 
York; Dr. Frank R. Vanclen- 
berg, Buffalo ; Titus Sheard, 
Little Falls ; Stephen P. Cor- 
liss, Albany ; and A. M. Wheel- 
er, Secretar3^ 

The Brooklyn Commission- 
ers named by Mayor PVeder- 
ick W. Wurster were as fol- 
lows: William Hester, Will- 
iam M. Van Anden, Charles 
A. Schieren, William Herri, 
George A. Price, Charles A. 
Moore, William M. Wallace, F. S. Sherry, Daniel T. Wilson, 
A. D. Baird, Robert P. Lethbridge, J. Henry Dick, Ernestus 
Gulick, Thos. P. Peters, Richard Young, William C. Redfield, 




NARACEiN S Tli.NT, I.UKAY CAVIiKNS. 




GOVERNMENT BUILDING. 




THE OFFICERS OF THE BROOKLYN COMMISSION. 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



LIEUTENANT-COLONEL LUSCOMB AND STAFF. 

William Vogel, Herbert L. Bridgman, Ludwig Nissen, A. E. 
Palmer, Chai'les E.Wheeler, G. P. Bagnall, Robert J. Wilkin, 
James McLeer, John D. Keiley, Augustus Van Wyck, Dr. A.N. 
Bell, Abraham Abraham, H. B. Scharmann, James McKeen, 
C. C. Broun, William C. Pate, George P. Jacobs, A. H. An- 
gell, F. M. Munroe, James A. Sperry, W. H. Baldwin, Jr.; 
A. W. Higgins, D. P. Watkins, Herman Schaeffer, Charles H. 
Russell, Dr. Albert H. Brundage, Mrs. Cornelia H. Cary, 
Miss Ellen A. Ford, Mrs. Augustus Van Wyck, Mrs. A. G. 
Brown, Mrs. C. N. Chadwick, Miss Alice Campbell, Mrs. 
Mary E. Craigie, Mrs. Benjamin F. Stephens, Mrs. James 
Scrimgeour, Mrs. E. L. Langford, and Mrs. Clara McCror}- 
Dorsey. Mi's. Charles N. Chadwick resigned from the Com- 
mission, and Mrs. E. L. Langford declined to accejDt her 
appointment. 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 9 

The women members of the Brooklyn Commission were 
appointed a committee on exhibits, and that committee 
organized as follows: Mrs. Cornelia H. Car}^ Chairman, 
and Miss Ellen A. Ford, Secretar}^ ; Mrs. Augustus Van 
W3'ck, Mrs. A. G. Brown, Miss Alice Campbell, Mrs. Mary 
E. Craigie, Mrs. Benjamin F.Stephens, Mrs. James Scrim- 
geour, and Mrs. Clara AlcCrory Dorsey. 

Before going into the work of the main commission, and 
the account of the excursion itself, it should be stated that 
the women commissioners did valiant service from first to 
last. The Committee on Exhibits collected some excellent 
photographic views of characteristic Brooklyn scenes, and 
sent them on to be hung in the Women's Building, but the 
Southern officials refused to hang them, on the ground that 
they were "not appropriate for a woman's work exhibit." 




THE BROOKLYN EXHIBIT. 



10 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 




COL. WILLIAM HKSriiK, 
Member of the Brooklyn Commission. 



The pictures found a place, 
however, iu an alcove of the 
Commerce Building, and so, 
though the exhibition as 
planned was a disappoint- 
ment, the eft'orts of the com- 
mittee were not in vain, b}^ 
any means. 

The State Commission- 
ers arranged a program for 
New York Day, but decided 
to make the trip South 
with the BrookUai ])arty, 
and to leave all the details 
to the officers and Executive 
Committee of the Brook- 
Ivn Commission. Those 
officers and that committee were as follows: Herbert 
F. Gunnison, President; William C. Redfield, Secretary; 
Ludwig Nissen, Treasurer. Executive Committee: William 
Berri, Chairman ; Daniel T. Wilson, A. Abraham, George A. 
Price, Andrew D. Baird, John 
D. Keile\', and Thomas P. 
Peters. 

In passing over the prelim- 
inary part of the record, it is 
only fair to say that, al- 
though the Brookh'n Commis- 
sion arranged all the details, 
and carried out all the work- 
ing plans, the New York State 
Commission paid its full share 
of the expenses, and lent cor- 
dial and effective aid to the en- 
terprise in many ways. With- 
out the co-operation of the organ room, luray caverns. 





COMMITTEE ON EXHIBITS OF THE BROOKLYN COMMISSION. 



12 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



gentlemen comprising the State Commission, the excur- 
sion could hardly have been the brilliant success it was. 
The Executive Committee held man\' meetings ; the Secre- 
tarj^ indulged in reams of delicately phrased correspondence ; 
conferences were held wnth railroad officials, musicians, sol- 
diers and others concerned ; and, altogether, a great deal of 
very hard work was done before the plans were perfected. 










^i\Ui^i'. myf'I:,:MMhi^lli 



STALACTITE AND STALAGMITE FORMATIONS IN LURAY CAVERNS. 

One important feature proposed and successfully carried 
out was the addition to the Brooklyn part}^ of a provis- 
ional battalion, under command of Lieutenant-Colonel 
Luscomb, made up as follows : Twenty-five men from the 
Thirteenth Regiment, commanded by Captain Harr\^ A. 
Williams ; twenty-five men from the Fourteenth Regiment, 
commanded by Captain John F. Carroll ; also, twenty men 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



13 







'tig 






II r w* 




WOMEN S BUILDING. 



from the Twenty-third Regiment, commanded by Captain 
Charles G. Todd ; ten men from the Fortj^-seventh Regi- 
ment, detailed ; nine men from Troop C, commanded by 
Sergeant Charles Curie, and four men from the Signal 
Corps, commanded by Sergeant Verdi E. B. Fuller. The 




COMMERCE BUILDING. 



14 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



battalion staff was as follows: Adjutant, Lievitenant G. P. 
Bagnall; Onartei-master, Captain E. J. Olden; Commis- 
sary, Captain T. H. Aveiw; Assistant Commissary, Captain 
H. C. Barthman ; Inspector of Rifle Practice, Captain E. J. 

Kraft; Surgeon, 
Captain A.R.Jar- 
rett. This battal- 
ion went to Nash- 
ville and returned 
b\^ special train, 
and served as an 
escort to the 
Brooklyn and 
New York State 
Commissioners 
duinng the two 
davs' exercises. 

The committee 
in charge of the 
general plans de- 
cided on this 
route : From New 
York via Pennsyl- 
vania Railroad to 
Harrisburg ; via 
Cumberland Val- 
ley Railroad to 
Hagerstown ; 
Norfolk and West- 
ern Railroad to 
Luray, Va., Nat- 
ural Bridge, Roanoke and Bristol; via Southern Railway 
to Knoxville and Chattanooga; via Nashville, Chattanooga 
and St. Louis Railway to Nashville, returning via Louisville 
and Nashville Railway to Glasgow Junction, Mammoth 




THE NATURAL KKIDCIE. 




EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF THE BROOKLYN COMMISSION. 



16 



TENNESSKE CENTENNIAL 




KNOXVILLE BUILDING. 



Cave, Louisville and Cincinnati; via Pennsylvania Railway 
to Pittsburgh, Harrisbvirg and New York. 

Events afterward proved that the final stage of the route 
was: via Brooklyn Heights Railroad system, special parlor 
cars, to the Eastern District, South Brooklyn and Flatbush. 




MAP OF THE ROUTE. 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



EN ROUTE TO NASHVILLE. 



The start was made on Friday evening, October 8th, 
from the Penns\-lvania Depot in Jerse\' City. One of the 
finest special trains ever made up carried the partj^ around 

the "long loop" to Nashville 
and return. The Committee had 
provided for each member of 
the party a book of tickets cov- 
ering every step of the journey, 
and it was a model of beauty 
and convenience. 

There was no hitch in getting 
away, the only disappointing- 
feature being the inability' of 
Chairman Berri to join the 
party and the sudden illness of 
Mrs. Timothy L. Woodriiff, just 
prior to the start, Avhich made 
it necessary for the Lieutenant- 
Governor and his wife to remain 
a day longer in Brooklyn. They 
arrived in Nashville in time for 
the Brooklyn Day exercises, and 
returned with the main part\^ 
As the special rolled out of 
Jersey City it carried the fol- 

THE BROOKLYN BADGE. lowiug paSSCUgCrS I 

Henry S. Adams, A. D Baird, Mrs. A. D. Baird, George W. Baker, 
M. D.; Hon. Charles G. Bennett, George P. Bergen, Mrs. George P. Bergen, 
Mrs. L. P. Bodkin, A. G. Brown, Mrs. A. G. Brown, William C. Brj^ant, 
Mrs. William C. Bryant, Pomeroy Burton, J. Ambrose Butler, Benj. T. 
Butterworth, Isaac H. Gary, Mrs. Isaac H. Gary, Stephen P. Corliss, C. 
O'H. Craigie, Mrs. C. O'H. Craigie, John L. Cummings, Mrs. W. H. Cum- 
mings, P. J. UeCantillon, William C. DeWitt, Mrs. William C. DeWitt, 
Walter Dunham, G. B. Ellis, Mrs. G. B. Ellis, L. J- Ellis, Bernard Galla- 
gher, Miss Amelia Gallagher, Miss Augusta Gallagher, Ernestus Gulick, 




18 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



Herbert F. Gunnison, Mrs. Herbert 
F. Gunnison, Joseph W. Hawkes, 
Mrs. Joseph W. Hawkes, Robert R. 
Hefford, Mrs. Robert R. Hefford, 
WiUiam Hester, Hugh M. Inman, 
Seth L. Keeney, John D. Keiley, 
Mrs. John D. Keiley, T. W, Kiley, 
George F. Kunz, Mrs. George F. 
Kunz, R. P. Lethbridge, John 
Loughran, Miss Loughvan, Charles 
H. Lyons, Mary E. McCann, St. 
Clair McKelway, Mrs. St. Clair 
McKelway, Henry N. Meeker, 
Mrs. Henry N. Meeker, C. G. 
Moller, Mrs. C. G. MoUer, Thomas 
F. Morrin, Ludwig Nissen, Mrs. 
LudwigNissen, W. A. Porter, Mrs. 
W. A. Porter, Neil Poulsoii, Mrs. 
Neil Poulson, Mrs. Bernard Peters, 
T. P. Peters, Mrs. T. P. Peters, 
George A. Price, Mrs. George A. 
Price, John Pullman, Miss Nettie 
I. Pullman, H. F. Quast, Mrs. 
H. F. Quast, A. V. V. Raymond, D.D., William C. Redfield, Mrs. William 
C. Redfield, Miss Elsie M. Redfield, A. B. See, Don C. Seitz, Titus Sheard, 
Mrs. Titus Sheard, D. A. Smith, Mrs. D. A. Smith, Benjamin F. Stephens, 
Mrs. Benjamin F. Stephens, Mrs. F. E. Story, James Swann, J G. Tuthill, 




GEORGE W. BAKEK, M. D. 
Physician to the Party. 




TRANSPORTATION BUILDING. 




THE NEW YORK STATE COMMISSIONERS. 



20 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 




A SHADY REIREAT. 

William Vogel, Mrs. William Vogel, Miss Etta Vogel, A. A. Voorhees, Judah 
B. Voorhees, Albert Wesley, J. E. 'Williams, Timothy L. WoodriifE, Mrs. 
Timothy L. Woodruff, Frederick W. Wurster, Mrs. Frederick W. Wurster. 

The Itinera!-}', Avhich was closely followed, was thus 
ovitlined in the little ticket book : 



GOING. 

October S. — Leave Jersey Cit}', lo P. M. 

October g.— Arrive Harrisburg, 3 A. M.; leave Harrisburg, 3.05 A. M.; 
arrive Hagerstown, 5.20 A. M.; leave Hagerstown, 5.25 A, M.; an-ive Luray, 
S.25 A. M. (stop three hom-s at Luray); leave Luray, 11.25 A. M.; arrive 
Natural Bridge, 2.55 P. M. (stop three hours at Natural Bridge); leave Natu- 
ral Bridge, 6 P. M.; arrive Bristol, Eastern time, 12 midnight; arrive Bris- 
tol, Central time, 11 P. M.; leave Bristol, Central time, 11.05 P- M. 

October 10.— Arrive Chattanooga, 5.35 A. M. (stop at Chattanooga); 
leave Chattanooga, 12 noon; arrive Nashville, 5 P. M. 

RETURNING. 

October 13.- Leave Nashville, 12 midnight. 

October 14— Arrive Glasgow Junction, 2.45 A. M.; leave Glasgow 
Junction, 7 A. M.; arrive Mammoth Cave, 7.45 A. M. (stop four hours at 
Mammoth Cave); leave Mammoth Cave, 11.45 A. M.; arrive Glasgow 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



21 



Junction, 12.30 A. M.; leave Glasgow Junction, 12.40 A. M.; arrive Louis- 
ville, 3.10 P. M. (stop at Louisville); leave Louisville, 5 P. M.; arrive Cin- 
cinnati, S.25 P. M.; leave Cincinnati, 8.45 P. M. 

October 15. — Arrive Pittsburgh, Central time, 5.35 A. M.; arrive Pitts- 
burgh, Eastern time, 6.35 A. M.; leave Pittsburgh, Eastern time, 6.45 
A. M.; pass Horseshoe Curve, 9.35 A. M.; arrive New York, 6.53 P. M. 

All the Brooklyn papers sent representatives with the 
excursion, who sent daily reports to their respective journals 
regarding the progress of the party and events en route. 
The Standard Union and Brookhm Life were represented by 
Mr. Henry S. Adams ; the Citizen, b}^ Mr, P. J. De Cantillon ; 
the Brooklyn Times, by its editor, Mr. T. P. Peters, and its 
publisher, Mr. William Cullen Bryant; the Eagle, by Col. 
William Hester, President; Mr. St. Clair McKel way, Editor- 
in-Chief; Air. Pomeroy Burton, Associate Managing Editor; 
Mr. Herbert F. Gunnison, Assistant Business Manager; Mr. 
Benjamin T. Butterworth, Manager of the £^a^7e Information 
Bureau, and Mr. Harry B. Wilson, Special Representative. 

The first night on the special was a smooth and comfort- 
able experience. The travelers awoke to find themselves 
whirling through picturesque Northern Virginia, and shortly 




THE RIALTO. 



22 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 




HON. CHARLES G. BENNETT, 
Member of the Brooklyn Commission. 



after breakfast had been 
served the first stop was 
made at L^^ra3^ The stop 
of three hours there was 
all too short ; but, though 
much had to be left unseen, 
the hour which the party 
spent in the wonderful cav- 
ern was one of rare enjoy- 
ment. Near the close of the 
journey, when the home- 
stretch was being entered 
b}^ the giant Penns^dvania 
flyers which pulled the 
Brookl}^ special, the tour- 
ists were asked to name the 
feature or features which had pleased them most. Perhaps, a 
score of the number named Luray Cavern as the most nota- 
ble of all their experiences. 
On reaching the train the 
members of the party Avere 
surprised to learn that a 
miniature traveling edition 
of the Brooklyn Daily ii^?^7e 
had been printed at Luray 
while the\' were exploring 
the cave. To be sure, the 
first page was printed up- 
side down, and thei-e were 
typographical combina- 
tions terrible to behold ; 
but, nevertheless, within 
the three houi's the edition 
was put in type and 

printed, and as it contained xMember of the Brooklyn Commission. 





THE NEW YORK STATE COMMISSIONERS. 



24 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



news about the previous night's journe}^ and a few 
words from home, it was welcomed b}' all and its defects 
were overlooked. The paper proved one of the inter- 
esting features of the trip, and on the two big davs at 
Nashville it contained the onl}^ complete reports published 
of New York and Brooklyn daj' exercises. With experience, 
the traveling edition improved from day to day, as plans for 
overcoming the mechanical obstacles incident to printing on 




BIRDS-EYE VIEW UF EXPOSITION. 



the wing were gradualh^ perfected, and before the end of the 
week the news by \vire from home, the record of the party's 
doings, the personal quips, and the illustrations, serious and 
otherwise, were eagerl}^ looked for as publication hour ar- 
rived. The regular publication hour, by the \va.j, was some- 
thing which the publishers themselves failed to discover. 
All that they can vouch for is the fact that not a mail was 
missed during the week. The little paper's editorial page 
announcement was as follows : 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



25 




(TRAVELIIsG E11ITION.) 



This paper does not claim much of a circula- 
iion, hut it has more rolling stock than au;/ other 
paper in the United States. 



BERNARD GALLAGHER, 
Attorney at the Mock Trial. 



Main, office, Brooklyn, X. Y. Branch offices, 
J.uray, Va.; Chattanooga, Tenn.; Kashville, 
Tenii.; Louisville. Ky.; Harrisljiirrj, Pa. 

Communications accompanied hy stamps will 
he destroyed and the stamps roill Ije used liy the 
editor. 



At the head of the news page was the customary form of 
business announcement, thus: 



(TRAVELI.VG EDITION.) 

THE TRAVELING EDITION of this paper is 
published as often as convenient. For the time 
being it is a trj'-daily. 

TERMS O'F SUB9CRIIPTION. 
We will send you the paper for a week free of 
cost, and if at the end of that time you are still 
in your usual good health, we will suspend pub- 
lication. 

BACK XUMBERS. 

We. have a few distin-gulshed back numbers in 
our party, but they are not for sale. 

C Oil M UN I C ATI ON 5. 
Address all communications to the Editor of 
the TRAVELING EDITION OP THE E.\GLE, 
and hand MSS. to the porter, with instructions 
to collect on delivery — if he can, which he can't, 
for how can he? The Bd'ltor will be glad to re- 
ceive complimentary letters from all the mem- 
bers of the party. 




WILLIAM VOGEL, 

Member of the Brooklyn 
Commission. 



Dinner was served in the two handsome dining cars in 
the course of the riin from Luray to Natural Bridge. There 
the primitive and somewhat Wild Western stage facilities 
proved inadequate, and some of the partv had to wait a 



26 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 




MACUlNtRV IILU.UING, IKUM I.AKK WAlAUeiA. 

long time at the station before they could be transported 
over the rugged route to the Bridge. The delay was taken 
in rare good humor b\' the unfortunate section which 
was left behind, but the Committee was grievously disap- 
pointed to encounter so serious a mishap that early in the 



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AKKOR LEADING TO AUDITOKIUM 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



27 



program. However, it was the only grievance that the 
Committee or those in the Committee's charge encountered 
in the course of the whole trip, and in the rush of good 
things the single sorrow was soon forgotten. 

The Natural Bridge was worth the struggle it cost, 
and the afternoon's experiences gave all a hearty appetite 
for dinner. 

At Chattanooga next day the excursionists formed two 
parties, which chose different routes for sight-seeing. One 




TERMINAL STATION. 



went up the most wonderful inclined cable road in the land 
to famous Lookout Mountain, and the other, under the skill- 
ful and entertaining guidance of Colonel A. D. Baird, took 
carriages and drove over historic Missionary Ridge. It was 
Colonel Baird's old fighting ground, and his modest recital 
of stirring events in which he had participated was made 
doubh' interesting by the fact that his listeners gazed, as he 
talked, on the very ground where those events had tran- 
spired upward of two score j^ears before. 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



29 



Up on Lookout Moun- 
tain the other division was 
having a fine time. The 
thrilHng journc}^ up the 
mountain side and the series 
of grand views from the 
summit were all enjoyed to 
the utmost. Mayor Wurster 
was of this party, and when 
Chairman Gunnison pointed 
out the spot where a mon- 
ument was to be raised in 
honor of Colonel Lewis 
R. Stegman, the Brooklyn 
soldier who first scaled the 
great rock w^hen the Con- 
federates were driven from 
Lookout Mountain, his Honor proposed that an impromptu 
monument be built with no further dela3% and carried the 
first stone to serve as its base. Each member of the partv 




ROBERT r. I.ETIIDRIDGF, 
Menibei- of the Brooklyn Commission. 




A BIT OF SHADE. 



30 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



contributed his share, and soon the monument was erected. 
A cheer went up as the capstone was placed on the pile by 
Colonel James Swann, of New York, who had been an officer 
in the Confederate army. The Maj^or made a speech form- 
ally dedicating- the pile, and an appropriate inscription was 
printed and fastened upon it. The incident was one of the 
most interesting of the whole trip. The monument still 
stands as an evidence of the excursionists' appreciation of 
Colonel Stegman's valor. 




MIMiKALS AMI l'(lRKSIK\ l;l II MM.. 

The run from Chattanooga to Nashville was made under 
conditions most pleasant. Those who had engaged rooms 
at the hotel left the train when it reached the Union Depot, 
but the majority of the travelers remained in their comfort- 
able quarters on board the special, and as they slept were 
transported right to the Exposition grounds, and side- 
tracked within fifty yards of the main entrance. So ended 
the first part of the journev bv rail. 

The party was welcomed on the night of arrival by Mr. 
Justi, of the Biu'cau of Publicity, and other officials of the 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



31 



Exposition, and it shotild be stated that dviring the entire 
stay the Fair officials did all in their power to enter- 
tain the Brooklyn part^^ 

Brooklyn Day began dark and rain}'; but by ten o'clock 
the clouds had broken, and a half hour later, when the line 
was formed at the Maxwell House, the sun was shining and 
all was bright. The procession was headed by the Troop C 
detachment and the other military bodies comprising the 
provisional battalion. Then followed twentj^-five carriages 




AUDITORIUM. 

containing Mayor Wurster, the Commissioners and other 
members of the Brooklyn party, together with a few invited 
guests. 

The Brooklyn Day exercises were held in the great Audi- 
torium. They were opened with an appropriate address by 
Herbert F. Gunnison, President of the Brooklyn Commission. 

Mayor William M. McCarth}^, of Nashville, responded 
in a happy address of welcome, and Mayor Frederick W. 
Wurster, of Brooklyn, replied, speaking at length on "The 
City of Brooklyn." 



32 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



In part Alavor Wtirster said: 

"It affords me the utmost pleasure to appear as the representative of 
the City of Brooklyn to respond to the cordial greeting extended on behalf 
of the City of Nashville by his Honor the Mayor. I am also delighted to 
stand here as the spokesman for this representative body of Brooklynites, 
who have traveled a long distance hither to participate in the celebration of 
the day set apart in honor of their city, as well as to see the manifold 
beauties of this superb exposition. 

" While the name of Brooklyn may not be as well and widely known as 
those of some of the other cities of our land, yet it will soon possess the 
unique distinction of sinking its individuality entirely by union with New 
York and becoming part of the greatest city on this continent. After the 
close of this year the City of Brooklyn will be the Borough of Brooklyn, one 
of the five sub-divisions of the City of New York. While the plan qi con- 
solidation which will make New York the second city of the world in size 
includes a large amount of outlying territory, yet it is practically the union 
of the present cities of Brooklyn and New York. 

"In all well regulated marriages the bride becomes the ' better half, 
and we are fully justified in saying that Brooklyn will be the ' better half ' 
of New York. 

"I am glad to see Brooklyn so well represented here upon the occasion 
of the daj' set apart for our city. The pressing exigencies of public 
affairs and private business are responsible for the fact that there is 
not a larger representation. We are filled with admiration for the energy 
and ability shown in the management of so great an enterprise as this expo- 
sition, commemorating the beginning of your great State. To the people 




HISTORY BUILDING. 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAT. 



vS3 




CHU.DRE.N S BUILDING. 

who have had the opportunity to see what you have brought together for 
their benefit this should prove of great educational value. To us of the 
North who have come a thousand miles to see what the South can do, this is 
a revelation of the extent of territory and the capacity of the people of our 
common country. We rejoice that you have found the way to do so much 
to show the world that to no one section of our land are confined the qualities 
that insure success in every enterprise undertaken. 

" On behalf of the City of Brooklyn I heartily congratulate the people 
of Nashville, and especially the management of this Tennessee Centennial 
Exposition, upon the success attained, and express the confident hope that 
the ultimate results may prove to be all that could be wished. Permit me to 
thank you, Mayor McCarthy, and the officers of this exposition, for the 
courtesies extended to the representatives of Brooklyn, both by the City of 
Nashville and the Centennial Commission. We shall take to our distant 
homes many pleasant memories of this trip to the sunny South, and espec- 
ially of our stay in this charming City of Nashville." 



The salutation of Mi". J. W. Thomas, President of the 
Exposition, next engaged the attention of the hsteners. It 
was an earnest address of welcome and made a most favor- 
able impression. 

William C. Redfield, Secretary of the Brooklyn Commis- 
sion, followed in reply to President Thomas. He spoke 
with good effect and was warmly applauded. 



34 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



The poet of the occasion 
was Mrs. Margaret E. Sang- 
ster, who was greeted with 
much enthusiasm as she 
stepped forward on the plat- 
form t o read ' ' Pilgi'ims . ' ' 
This commanded the closest 
attention and was adjudged 
b\' all to be one of the no- 
table features of the day's 
proceedings. The poem was 
published in man_v of the 
leading newspapers and 
periodicals of the countr}^ 
and was especially praised 
by the Nashville press. The 
full text of the poem is herewith reproduced. 




MRS. MAKUAKET E. SANGSTEK, 
Poet on Brooklyn Day. 



PILGRIMS. 

By Margaret E. Sangster. 

Pilgrims with staff and scrip, pilgrims with eager faces, 
Pilgrims who take the road and search out hidden places, 
Pilgrims with eyes intent on gold, until they find it ; 
Pilgrims on pleasure bent, no other aim behind it ; 
Grave pilgrims, wistful, wise, and pilgrims young and merry ; 
Girl pilgrims, blushing sweet, with cheeks and lips of cherry, 
Still as in elder days, of song and of thrilling story ; 
Pilgrims crusading go, for joy, or fame, or glory. 



From where the white surf breaks on the shore of old Long Island, 
By winding burns and rills, by valley, stream and highland, — 
Pilgrims with staff and scrip, we have sought a city, queenly. 
Fair on her river banks, dwelling in state serenely, — 
A city of people brave, whom all the land must honor, 
As meekly she lifts her head, with praises thick upon her. 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



35 



Once in the dim rich streets of Camelot, famed forever. 

Wonderful pageants passed, fading from memory never. 

Once and again we've seen tower and palace lifted, 

And thither have art and life in gallant argosies drifted; 

The pomp and splendor wane, hut the story of pluck and power, 

Told for the thousandth time, lives on to the deathless hour. 

Rich is the citj^ still, with its myriad clustering spires, 

Its thronging friendly doors, and its genial household fires ; 

To the city all things come, its gates ai-e wide and fair, 

And the roads, wherever you find them, are always leading there. 

People of Tennessee, brothers, we come to greet j'ou ; 

Glad is the word we speak, our hearts speed forth to meet you 

Under October's .sky, with the regal banners flying. 

Red and gold on the tiees, and the loses sweet ere dying ; 

We are proud one land is ours (oh ! beautiful, great land, 

Godward and childward looking !), under one flag we stand. 

And the blood-bond holds us close, — we are one and kindred-hearted 

Never by alien hands shall the dear love-tie be parted ; 

Blood is thicker than water, — 'tis this we say to thee 

As we gather in th)- doorway, beautiful Tennessee." 



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THE NEGRO BUILDING. 



36 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 




The orator of the 
day was St. Clair Mc- 
Kelway, LL.D., editor 
of the Brooklyn Daily 
Eagle. He was warmly 
greeted, and spoke in 
his best vein. His ad- 
dress, which appeared 
in full in all the local 
papers of that date, 
was eloquent and force- 
ful, and was received 
with great favor by 
all who heard it. The 
opening paragraphs 
were as folloAvs : 

' ' A city speaks to a city when 
Brooklyn speaks to Nashville. 
A self-governing community 
speaks to a self-governing 
community when Brooklyn 
speaks to Tennessee. Yet not for long can this be so. Our salutatory 
to you is our valedictory to ourselves. We are here on parole, but 
under sentence of municipal death. The fact invests this occasion with 
a pathos which those who are the Brooklyn part of that occasion 
find it hard to forget. Nevertheless, we bring to you the best wishes 
of twelve times one hundred thousand Americans, and, without boast- 
fulness, we can claim that we are citizens of no mean city. Ours is a 
city of which the religious spirit is as- benign as the fatherhood of God and 
as broad as the brotherhood of man. Ours is a city of homes whose purity 
has become a proverb, and whose fecundity has become a cynicism to the 
enemies of posterit}-. Ours is a city of schools as well as of churches, of 
homes, of colleges and of institutes. These together are building up in 
minds and in souls and in lives temples fit for the indwelling of the Holy 
Ghost. We could name to 3'ou clergymen whose eloquence has given to 
them continents for congregations ; physicians whose skill has increased the 
duration of human life ; soldiers whose valor has been impaired by no 
vengeance and stained bj' no venality : scientists who have advanced the 
race in its knowledge of the works of God ; financiers who have solved 
more serious problems in economics than now divide American thought ; 
discoverers who have carried the American heart and the American flag 



ST CLAIR MCKELWAV, LL.U., 
Orator on Brooklyn Day. 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



37 




DR. ALBERT H. BRUNDAGE, 
Member of the l-Srooklyn Commission. 



nearer to the limit of the planet than 
either was ever taken before ; mer- 
chants who have opened the gates 
of the antipodes to the energ)' of the 
world ; reformers who have dared 
to do right with the approbation 
of a commimiiy which regards 
party as an instrument and not as 
an idol — as a factor and not as a 
fetich ; diplomats who have insisted 
with success and with dignity upon 
the right of Americans to the rights 
of human nature across the seas and 
around the globe — and many others 
who, as a great cloud of witnesses, 
look down on us to-day in the hope 
that the children of the new dispen- 
sation shall be worthy heirs of the 
moral riches of an imperishable 
past. 

"I cannot, with justice or with 
propriety to time or place, recount 
or even runningly summarize this illustrious roll of our Brooklyn names. Nor 
shall I descend to pessimism or to reproach in contemplating the transition of 
Brooklyn from cityhood to boroughhood. Those with whom I am and for 
whom I speak would have had the result otherwise. Small, however, as 
was the vote by which the question went against us, as good Americans we 
bowed to the decision of the majority and are turning our faces toward the 
morrow in a spirit of hope. We would that the apprehensions and predic- 
tions of evil with which we fought this change may never be realized. We 
would not be vindicated in that way. Our further hope is that the promised 
benefits of municijial merger, which have not yet come and which do not 
yet appear upon the horizon, ma}', nevertheless, soon come and fully come, 
filling all with help and heart as the impartial sunlight of the serene heavens. 
We would have our opponents vindicated rather than ourselves, and will 
outdo them in works for the common weal, if so be we can bring, as men 
and women do often bring, the best answer to our own best prayers. We 
know that we can give to New York not only more than she now has but, 
better, a something which she most lacks and most needs. We can give to 
her the element of an independent citizenship as to which the average 
material circumstances are those neither of poverty nor of riches, and the 
moral influence of which, upon the over rich and upon the over poor of the 
commercial metropolis, should make for good. 

" We cannot think of ourselves in the same way that we think of you. 
Brooklyn is to become a leaven hidden in four borough measures of metro- 
politan meal, until the whole be leavened. The heart of a great community 
among us might compare its progress, but it cannot discuss its problems. 



38 TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 

with 3'ours. Our past may parallel yours on the path of achievement, but 
our future record will go to the increment of an arlificial system lately 
created by experimental legislation into which suffrage is yet to breathe the 
breath of life. On the contrary, your Nashville, your Memphis, your 
Chattanooga, your great State of Tennessee, on whose brow those diamond 
cities are worn in beauty and in strength, will go on from much to more, 
not unheralded and not unsung. Take, then, our congratulations that j-ou 
have saved your life. You cannot realize how sweet and precious your life 
is, for you are not parting with it. But cherish it as the immediate jewel 
of your soul. Covet none of the gains or seeming gains that are made the 
alternative to a reduction of liberty or to the loss of autonomy. Individuality 
in the man, in the city, in the State is the need and will be the salvation of 
the time. Not the selfishness which substitutes combination for manhood, 
and which merges the man in the mass, but the selfhood which raises worth 
above wealth, personal purpose above bundled power, and the culture of the 
heart above the aggrandizement of the pocket should be the note sounded in 
the ears of Americans today. The example which you set— the warning 
which we present and are — should not be lost." 

Dr. McKelwajr was frequently applauded in the course of 
his address. When the outbiu'st which followed his closing 
remarks had subsided, Mrs. Bernard Peters was presented. 
She spoke as the representative of the Brooklyn women, and 
her words made a most favorable impression. She said, in 
part : 

" Expositions, such as this in Nashville, show the place woman holds in 
the realm of industry. It is a question yet unsettled whether woman ought 
to have her corner alone or whether she ought to exhibit her work side by 
side with man's work, and let it be judged on its own merits, rather than to 
be accorded a notice with this implied, if not expressed, idea — pretty good for 
a woman. But what, after all, is the worth of honorable mention, certificates 
and medals, if they do not represent something of use? Use should be the touch- 
stone of all we do or acquire. To be of use to home and country should be 
the aim of each and every woman, especially of the women of these United 
States, for nowhere in the world is woman accorded the place and the honor 
that is conceded to her in our own dear native land. Here woman has the 
opportunity to be useful. She can make our country a land of liberty, not 
license ; a land of independence, not impudence. She can be a builder of 
the home, and thus a benefactor of the world. 

"She will be loved, honored, venerated. She will be the uncrowned 
queen. Then will be seen a world where everyone will be content. Great 
enterprises for the good of all will be undertaken, ' where one mind suffices 
for a thousand hands.' Then every invention for physical comfort, every 
appliance for intellectual and aesthetic culture, all means for spiritual improve- 
ment, will be free, and peace and plenty will be the portion of every human 
being, from the highest to the lowest in the land." 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



39 




MHS. BERNARD PETERS, 
Speaker on Brooklyn Day. 



The address of Mrs. 
Peters closed the Brooklyn 
Day exercises. 

In the evening there was 
a brilliant reception in the 
New York State Building. 
The New York State Com- 
mission supplied the music 
and refreshments, but all the 
arrangements wei'emade by 
the women of the jjart v, and 
to them belong full credit 
for the comjjlete success of 
the afiair. The State Build- 
ing was tastefulh' decora- 
ted and brilliantly lighted. 
The company included a number of fair guests from Nash- 
ville society. Several pleasant informal addresses were made 
in the course of the evening. About 9 o'clock Mi's. Cornelia 

H. Cary, Chairman of the 
Ladies' Committee, stepped 
into a space which had been 
cleared direeth^ under the 
New York State emblem and 
addressed the company. 

Mrs. Craigie followed 
with an address that was 
beautiful in its simplicity, 
both as to structure and de- 
livery, and masterl\^ in its 
strength. Unfortunately, a 
verbatim report of her 
words was not taken, but 
a partial report was pub- 
lished in the traveling edi- 
MKs. FREDERICK w. wuRSTER. tion of Tuesda}^ Oct. 12th. 




40 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



NEW YORK STATE DAY. 

The next morning — and a bright, cheer \^ morning it was- 
the New Yorkers and Brookh'nites joined forces to celebrate 
New York Day at the Exposition. The tnilitary escort 
headed the long line of carriages, as on the day previous, 
and the procession moved, as it had done before, from the 
Maxwell House to the Exposition grounds, and then the 
party repaired to the Auditorium. 

Governor Ta\'lor, of Tennessee, opened the New Y'ork Daj^ 
exercises with an exceedingly felicitous address of welcome. 
Among other things he said : 

" New York is the Empire State of the Union. She is the heavy end of 
North America, she is the great throbbing heart of the Republic, and everj- 
time she throbs the Ufe current of the nation flows back and forth through 
the arteries of commerce and trade. She is tlie mighty whale of the Western 
hemisphere which swallows all the Jonahs who come within her reach. She 
is the stupendous colossvis of the world, leading its thought and straddling 
its politics 

"The city of New York is a perpetual exposition of the triumphs of 
thought and industry, and one of her grandest products is men. She is the 
paradise of millionaires and enjoys a considerable sprinkling of poor folks. 



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THE KENTUCKY BUILDING. 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



41 




HEALTH AND HYGIENE BUILDING. 



" New York is not only great in wealth, great in population, great in all 
the elements of modern civilization, but she is great in the knowledge of 
where the green pastures lie. 

"It is believed by many of our brethren of the North that our people 
here in the South are not as vigorous as we should be, that we lack the snap 
and. push necessary for the quick and. permanent growth and development 
of our country. But they forget that we can raise three crops of potatoes in 
our soil in a single season, that our cotton grows without much persuasion, 
that we can fatten our hogs on acorns, and pasture our cattle the year 
around. They forget that our persimmon trees yield tons of persimmons 
per annvim, and that the 'possums hang like sugar lumps of glory hallelujah 
from the bending limbs of the aforesaid and the same. They forget that we 
can labor half the time and rest the other half and live better and happier 
than any other people on the face of the earth. 

" There is one branch of business in which we are as vigorous as our 
Northern brethren, and that is politics. Our annual crop of politicians is 
equal to the crop of cotton bales, not in weight, but in numbers. Now and 
then we are blessed with a statesman, but many are called, but few are 
chosen. We produce more Majors and Colonels, in times of peace, than any 
other country in the world, and, sometimes, we raise a little of that sulphur- 
ous article which begins with an h and ends with an ell. 

" But, whatever the differences between the North and the South may be 
in climate, in wealth, in conditions and environments, we are all one people 
with common hopes, and a common destiny, and may God bless our people 
of every section. Again I implore you to feel that you are welcome to the 
capital of the Old Volunteer State." 



42 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 




TIMOTHY L. WOODRUFF, 
Lieut.-Governor State of New York. 



Lieutenant -G over nor 
Timothy L. Woodruff, of 
New York, responded, deal- 
ing \Yith Northern and 
Southern topics of interest. 

Here are a few extracts 
from the Lieutenant-Gov- 
ernor's speech : 

^ "^"^wn "To us of New York the names 

..^^ ^Im^ ^<^l ^HH "^ your famous statesmen and gen- 

I^^^^W^^^^lJlplIP' ^"H erals are household words. They 

^^^^r J^^m n illustrate the history of your State 

m^m ar^ ^^^|^a from its genesis to its present great- 

H^F ^ ^M^^H ness. Some of our electors still 

WM. , ^^^^^H persist in voting for your greatest 

son, whose name of ' Hickory ' 
and victory is known world-wide. 
Nor have James K. Polk, Andrew 
Johnson, John Bell, Horace May- 
nard or the eccentric Parson Brownlow been forgotten. We are aware 
that there are in the nation's archives muster rolls innumerable of the sons 
of Tennessee, which attest the splendor of their volunteered valor in over a 
hundred battlefields. The great conflict, in December, 1864, before this 
very city of Nashville, is not to be surpassed in the Civil War for the skill 
and bravery displayed. I am .gratified, every loyal American must be, to 
think of Tennessee's roll of honor as embraced in the Confederate Army of 
the Tennessee, under its various commanders from Bragg to Hood, and in 
its splendid achievements from Bowling Green, Shiloh and Murfreesboro to 
Chickamauga and Chattanooga. 

" We must not forget the renowned cavalry leader, General Forest, of 
whom General Sherman said, when he offered his services to the Union in 
the threatened Spanish emergency in 1874 : ' I shall recommend him to 
the very highest position to which he can be appointed, if the occasion is 
necessitated, to prove my high admiration of his almost unequaled genius in 
his particular sj^here in war.' It is also pleasant for every American to 
remember the text of the beautiful letter of the son of the sainted Lincoln, 
who, as Secretary of War, offered to the State of Tennessee an official tran- 
script of all who had .served in its regiments. 

" And now that I, a loyal citizen and representative of a Northern State, 
have given expression to the sentiments that dominate the minds of my 
fellow citizens concerning the State of Tennessee and its illustrious repre- 
sentatives on the field of national politics and on the field of war, a sentiment 
bids me pause, which was expressed by an old Indian chief of the Cherokees 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



43 



on the occasion of the signing of a treaty with the early settlers of Tennessee : 
'A little talk is as good as much talk, and too much talk is not good. We 
hope to live friends together and to keep our young men at peace, as we are 
agreed to sign and live in peace forever hereafter.' 

" Ladies and gentlemen, in conclusion, permit me to say that the State of 
New York extends heartiest greetings to the State of Tennessee. May your 
State pride spurn all sectional lines and insist upon hearty unity, born of the 
fiery furnace of a great conflict for our mutual national progress. 

" Nashville sits more proudly than ever on her many hills, with no frown- 
ing fortifications or menacing soldiers to mar her career. The busy hum of 
industry follows the supremacy of law and order, and a happier era flows 
naturally where might does not subvert the right. Love will long linger 




A STAl'K )!UII,I)IN(; 



over fields consecrated by the slain. But the Union, cemented again by the 
best blood that ever flowed, is not restored in vain, when, to all the genera- 
tions of the side that lost, as well as of the side that saved, comes that new 
and higher birth of freedom which Lincoln proclaimed." 

Dr. James H. Kirkland, Chancellor of Vanderbilt Uni- 
versity, tlien spoke briefly, and was followed by the chosen 
orator of the da}^ Dr. Andrew V. V. Raymond, President of 
Union College, New York, who began as follows : 

"The State of New York brings to the State of Tennessee a greeting and 
a message ; congratulation, admiration, afliection join in the greeting ; good 



44 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 




1)K. A. \'. \. RAYMOM), 
Orator on New York State Day. 



will and godspeed in the message. 
In the presence of these splendid 
tokens of your progress, the hand 
which your sister State extends to 
you is warm and tense with honest 
pride and heartfelt praise. Only 
a great, intelligent, enterprising 
people,commanding vast and varied 
resources, could create this impres- 
sive scene. In all that tells of 
knowledge and skill, of energy and 
enthusiasm, of virtue and refine- 
ment, we see the prosperous and 
enlightened commonwealth which 
commands the tribute of admira- 
tion so freel}' given, but we cannot 
forget that these achievements of 
the present are, also, memorials of 
the past bearing virtue to the cour- 
age and sacrifice of the fathers, who 
laid deep and strong the founda- 
tions upon which the children have 
built through a hundred years. The secret of American greatness is found 
not alone nor chiefly in the boundless material resources of this western 
world, but is written large in the masterful spirit of the men who came hither 
to subdue and transform. The magic of their touch has made the wilder- 
ness to blossom as the rose. The vigorous qualities of their splendid man- 
hood have comedown through the years, conquering and still to conquer. 
Looking hack tipon the colonists of New York and the pioneers of Tennes- 
see we miss many of the externals of greatness, the familiar accompaniments 
of place and power, but stripped of these accessories of life in older and set- 
tled communities the essential qualities of dominant natures stand out only 
the more boldly." 

The oration, which was scholarl}' and eloquently de- 
livered, was published in full in the daily papers of Brook- 
lyn and Nashville. 

The closing address was made by William C. DeWitt, of 
Brooklyn. Mr. DeWitt devoted his whole attention to the 
patriots of the South, and therein lay the secret of his 
success. He touched a sympathetic chord in the Southern 
mind, and his speech elicited much applause, and called 
forth man\^ favorable cominents afterward. He said, in 
part : 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



45 




HON. WILLIAM C. I)K WIIT, 
Speaker on New York State Day. 



"You may rest assured, ray 
countrymen of Tennessee, that 
there are very many in the far 
Northern land from which I came, 
who, during the struggles, priva- 
tions and hardships of the recent 
past, have felt for you the utmost 
fraternal solicitude and affection. 

"They are a band of intelligent 
patriots who earl}' imbibed that 
philosophy, of which Jefferson 
and Calhoun are the chief expon- 
ents, and who even now, when the 
last vestige of civil war is passing 
awaj% doubt whether the two 
races are any better off than they 
were in the olden times, and more 
than apprehend that the one hund- 
red million people who are soon to 
inhabit our wide domain cannot be 
governed by the centralized system 
of Hamilton, rather than by a feder- 
ation of sovereign States, agreeable to the principles for which 3'our kiinhed 
fought and died. 

"But everybody lies imder the deepest debt of gratitude to Tennessee 
for her three great Presidents— Jackson, Polk and Johnson! 

" Andrew Jackson was the irresistible friend and champion of the com- 
mon people. Swept on to power by their responsive patriotism, no form of 
pUitocracy could stand before him. He overthrew the National Hank, and 
smashed every monopoly that came within his reach. He was vilified and 
abused through life by every instrumentality that sordid greed could influ- 
ence and inspire, but his body sleeps to-daj' not more securely at the Hermit- 
age than is his memory embalmed in the heart of every lover of mankind. 
Nor can the less brilliant but no less efficient service of James K. Polk be 
displaced from the highest role of American patriots. 

' ' It was to the impetus of his campaign for the Presidency, dictated by 
Jackson, that we owe the acknowledgment of the independence of Texas, 
the Lone Star State, under the guidance of their mutual friend, old Sam 
Houston. Three such heroic souls would long ago have given independence 
to Cuba. Under President Polk the war against Mexico was declared. 
Under him, as commander-in-chief, occurred that series of victories which 
carried our flag to the halls of the Monte/.umas ; and under him was dictated 
those terms of peace which added California, Utah, Arizona and New Mex- 
ico — a vast and golden empire — to our possessions. Now, too, when the 
clouds have rolled away, everybody can see what a debt of gratitude the 
nation owes to Andrew Johnson. 

"Citizens of Tennessee ! Great men and the popular support of great 



46 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



men make a State. The 
glories of your Centennial 
Exposition will soon pass 
away. But the characters 
of these three great men 
are enduring, like your 
majestic mountains— the 
works and benefactions of 
their li ves flow on forever, 
like your bountiful rivers 
in their unending pilgrim- 
age to the sea." 

At the conclttsion 
of the New York 
Day exercises, din- 
ner was served, and 
then the party bi'oke 
tip into sightseeing 
gronps, some prefer- 
ring to "do" the fair 
grounds, others to 
explore the country 
roundabout, and a 
large delegation 
choosing to avail it- 
self of a golden op- 
portunity to enjo}^ a 
taste of real Southern hospitality through invitations which 
had been extended by President and Mrs. J. W. Thomas and 
by Colonel and Mrs. Edmond W. Cole. The "Traveling 
Edition" of the next day thus described the trip: 

"The Brooklyn and New York party were given on Tuesday an oppor- 
tunity to enjoy some of that generous hospitality for which the warm- 
hearted Southern people are so famed. They were all invited to attend two 
receptions during the afternoon, one given at ' Colemere ' the charming 
country seat of Colonel and Mrs. Edmond W. Cole, and the other at the 
delightful home of President J. W. Thomas, head of the Exposition. As 
' Colemere ' is some six miles out of Nashville, the guests were taken there 
in tally-hos and open carriages, leaving the Exposition grounds at 2.30. 
The way led through a beautiful wooded, hilly section, and the winding 
country road, with its hundi'ed or more carriages, varied by the bright 




STATUE OF MINERVA. 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAI, 



47 



gowns of the ladies in their best attire, presented a picture that quite 
fulfilled the ideal of Southern social life. 

" ' Colemere,' a typical Southern country home, is a stately gray stone 
mansion, approached by a private drive, leading through a magnificent 
park of rare old trees. As Mayor Wurster and his party entered the gate, a 
band stationed on the lawn plaj'ed popular airs that enlivened the scene. 

"The receiving party consisted of Mrs. Edmond \V. Cole and her mother, 
Mrs. Russell, Mrs. Washington Roebling, Mrs. John A. Logan, Mrs. L. B. 
Bodkin, Mrs. Ella Wheeler Wilcox, Mis. Lyndhiu-st and other women 
prominent in Nashville. Among the guests were many prominent men and 
women of the literary world, who were present from the Congress of Artists 
and Authors, and who had been in session at the Exposition during that day. 

" From ' Colemere ' the party drove to Capitol Hill, to the residence of 
President and Mrs. Thomas 

" Receiving with Mrs. Thomas were Miss Bailey, the authoress, of New 
York ; Miss Gilmer, of New Orleans, and a charming bevy of the young 
ladies of Nashville. 

" The generous hospitality which was extended through these receptions 
in two of the most prominent homes in Nashville afforded the party an 
excellent opportunity to obtain a glimpse of the social life for which Nash- 
ville is so famed, and resulted in the formation of many pleasant friendships 
between the ladies of the North and South." 

Wednesda}' forenoon was spent in general sightseeing, 
both within and outside of the Exposition grounds. 
Many members of the party enjo\'ed the warm hospitality 
of the Hermitage Club, and also of the Riding and Driving 




INTERIOR OF THE AUDITORIUM. 



48 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 




UNCLE noli" AFTKK ROUNDINIi UP THE DKER AT liELI.E MEADE KAKM. 



Club, both of which took pains to make everything pleas- 
ant for the visitors from the North. 

Immediately after Itmcheon the Brookljai party left the 
cit\^ on a special train for a visit to the famous Belle Meade 
Stock Farin, located six miles from the city, where they were 
escorted over the grounds by the owner and manager, Gen- 
eral W. H. Jackson. In their honor the General ordered a 
deer drive, showing the visitors nearh^two himdred wild deer 
dashing over the fields and through the woodland at full 
speed. Then the famous horses were exhibited. Among the 
animals shown were Irocjuois — considered to be the most 
valuable horse in the world, who is valued at $250,000 — 
Longstreet, Tremont, and Luke Blackburn. Next the part}' 
inspected the dairy, one of the most notable of the Belle 
Meade sights, and on the way back to the special, a favored 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



49 



few stopped at the home-stead long enough to sip genuine 
Southern mint juleps, made after the General's own formula. 

This charming little excursion to Belle Meade was due to 
the thoughtfulness and courtesy of Mr. J. H. Fall, who 
added much to the pleasure of the party during the stay in 
Nashville. The special train on this partictilar afternoon 
w^as arranged for hv him, and its use was extended in the 
name of himself and his fellow Directors of the Nashville, 
Chattanooga and St. Louis Railway Company. 

Those of the travelers who did not go to Belle Meade farm 
attended a charming reception given by Mrs. Van Leer Kirk- 
man at her beautiful Oak Hill mansion on the Franklin Pike. 
It was a delightful experience to all who participated. 

That evening the last rounds were made in the Exposition 
grounds ; once more all the quarters on the luxurious special 
were occupied, and at midnight the start was made for home. 

The "American" and the "Banner," the two leading 
newspapers, printed daily accounts of the doings of the 
party while in Nashville. 




SNAP SHOT TAKEN AT THE DEPOT AT BELLE MEADE FARM. 



*•! i 




TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



51 



THE HOMEWARD RUN. 

The night run to Glasgo\v Jimction was made without 
special incident. After breakfast the httle branch train which 
runs from the Junction to Mammoth Cave was crowded 
with the excursionists, and in a short time all were prepar- 
ing for the trip to the lower regions. 

The men donned costumes terrible to behold, and some of 
the ladies took to bloomers. Altogether it was a grotesque 
procession which entered the hole in the ground a half hour 
after the party arrived at the hotel. One of the guides 
unfeelingly remarked that the Brooklyn part\' looked like 
a line of well-fed convicts and bouncing bloomer girls. Only 
a few miles of the Cave were traversed, owing to the limited 
time, but the journey underground was extremel}' interesting 
so far as it went. 

From Glasgow Junction afast run wasmadeto Louisville, 
where a three hour stop enabled the travelers to see consid- 
erable of the city. On the way to Louisville Mr. Redfield, 
at the request of several of the ladies, made up a progessive 




MARTHA WASHINGTON STATUE, MAMMOTH CAVE. 



52 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



euchre part}^ and a shopping committee, when the stop was 
made, pui-chased the following prizes : First prize for men, 
corkscrew with ivoiw handle, mounted with sterling silver ; 
women's prize, ivory glove stretcher, mounted with sterling 
silver. Second prize for men, silk hat brush wath solid silver 
handle ; women's, tortoise-shell comb, mounted with sterling 
silver. Consolation prize for men, silver bell with carved 




fS^^iML ^ 



THE giant's FliXGKR IN MAMMOTH CAVE. 

ivor\' handle ; consolation prize for women, crescent-shaped 
match-striker, with darkey's head, engraved "Looking for 
light." The committee which brought the prizes also pro- 
cured the cards, a conductor's punch, sixty tally cards with 
red and -white ribbons, and returned to the train triumph- 
ant, with ninety cents in the treasur3^ 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



53 



At 8 o'clock in the evening a merry company assembled 
in the dining car Coronado, which had been tastefully deco- 
rated for the occasion. The play was spirited, and there Avas 
great fun throughout the evening, the prizes finally being 
awarded as follows : First prize for women, won by "Miss " 
Burton; second, by Mrs. H. F. Ouast. First for men, won 
by Mr. W. A. Porter; second, by Mr. George P. Bergen. The 
consolation prizes were won by Mrs. Vogel and Dr. Baker. 




THE GRANITE FACE, MAMMOTH CAVF. 



After Cincinnati was left behind a good night's rest was 
enjoyed, and every member of the party awoke refreshed and 
eager for the promised pleasure of the last day's run over 
the picturesque mountain region of Pennsylvania. Two of 
the most powerful engines of the Pennsylvania line pulled 
the special out of Pittsburgh, and an average of fifty miles 
an hour was maintained to Altoona, and thence on to 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 55 

Harrisburg, and through, via Trenton, to New York. At 
Harrisburg the closing number of the Eagle's travehng 
edition was issued. 

The feature of the afternoon on the train was a mock 
trial in the observation car. Ludwig Nissen was charged 
with having withheld and appropriated for his own use the 
sum of $17.50, which was said to have belonged to Mayor 
Wurster and H. F. Gunnison, said sum having been with- 
drawn from circulation in a wrongful and malicious manner 
by said Nissen's accomplices, Timothy L. Woodruff and 
Bernard Gallagher, the last named being also accused in 
the same complaint of stealing a rattle from the Mam- 
moth Cave snake on Frldaj^, October 15, 1897. St. Clair 
McKelway was the sitting judge before whom the case 
was tried. He denied the motion for a change of venue on 
the ground of the versatility of criminality which character- 
ized the chief conspirator for the defence. There were many 
sharp sallies in the course of the proceedings, and Mr. 
Nissen made an impassioned plea in his own behalf, which 
only succeeded in bringing upon him the wrath of the court, 
and a sentence of interminable parole in the custody of his 
wife. Mr. Gallagher acted as attorney for the plaintiffs. 
It is interesting now to look back upon a straw vote which 
was taken in the observation car that afternoon, with a 
view to ascertaining which one of the Greater New York 
mayoralty candidates was the favorite of the party. Sixty- 
seven votes were cast in all, of which twenty-two were 
non-voters. The ballot stood as follows : 

For Low, 46 votes — 28 voters ; 18 non-voters. 
For Tracy, 14 votes — 11 voters; 3 non-voters. 
For Van Wyck, 3 votes — 2 voters ; 1 non-voter. 
Votes, scattering, 4. 

Jersey City was reached on time, and there the first goo.d- 
bys were said. The Brooklynites crossed the Bay on the 
Annex boat, and were pleasantly surprised to find two spe- 
cial parlor cars awaiting their coming. This climax of good 



56 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



things was the result of a happy thought on the part of Seth 
L. Keenej', who, together with William C. Bryant, Major 
John D. Kieley, directors of the Brooklyn Heights Railroad 
Company, had telegi-aphed ahead to have cars at the ferry 
when the excursionists arrived. One car went to the Eastern 
District of the city, the other to Flatbush, and so the Nash- 
ville travelers continued to ride by "special" to their doors. 




THE PARTHENON. 



MAYOR WURSTER'S COMMENT. 

When Mavor Wui'ster reached his desk in the Cit}^ Hall 
next dav after he returned home he was asked by the report- 
ers what he thought of the Southern jaunt. He said : 

' ' The trip was a complete success. Everything passed off without a hitch. 
It is wonderful that on a journey of 2,000 miles everything should have gone 
so smoothly. The most pleasant feature was the company on the train. 
They were all Brooklynites of the most companionable kind, and the asso- 
ciations were delightful. The visit to Luray Cavern was a revelation, and I 
would advise every one who may be in a position to do so to visit the place. 
It affords the most magnificent spectacle I have ever witnessed. As to the 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



57 



Nashville Exposition, I can only say that it was most wonderful when you 
take into consideration that it was simply a State demonstration. The build" 
ing was splendid, the exhibits were complete and the arrangements generally 
were of the most perfect character. The Exposition certainly reflects great 
credit upon the managers. I cannot speak too highly of the courtesies 
shown by the citizens of Nashville to the Brooklyn party, We were the 
recipients of many invitations to the houses of prominent people, whose 
hospitality was unbounded. Incidentally 1 wish to speak of the visit we 
paid to the Belle Meade stock farm, owned by General Jackson, who received 



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MAMMOTH CAVE, STAR CHAMBER. 

US most cordially,- and, after showing us about the place, afforded us an op- 
portunity to witness a genuine deer chase. I wish, also, to speak of the work 
done by the Brooklyn commissioners appointed by me, and, especially, the 
ladies. They seemed to appreciate the importance and responsibility of 
their position and worked diligently to make our trip a success. 1 likewise 
take advantage of this opportunity to thank the provisional guardsmen of 
Brooklyn for their escort and for their efforts to make the excursion success- 
ful, and to give evidence of the civic pride of Brooklyn. We heard on all 
sides from citizens of Nashville, that the delegation from Brooklyn was the 
best, the most intelligent and the most representative body of citizens who 
have as yet visited the Fair." 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



59 



THE SOLDIERS' JOURNEY. 

Regarding the trip of the Brooklyn soldiers, the Eagle 
had this to sa\- the day after their arrival home : 

"The Brooklyn Provisional Battalion of the National Guard, which went 
to the Nashville Exposition, returned last night, after their week's trip of 
2.000 miles. The men were all in good condition, and seemed sorry that 
their outing was over. While crossing the river homeward, on the South 
Ferry, the guardsmen gave vent to their enthusiasm in long cheers for 
Lieutenant-Colonel Luscomb, the commander of the battalion, and, in 




NEW YORK STATE BUILDING. 



response to their call for a speech, he stated that the trip was a record 
breaker, and that it would go down as such in the history of the National 
Guard. Colonel Luscomb complimented the men and thanked them on be- 
half of the officers in command for their unswerving attention to duty, their 
prompt attendance at assembly and gentlemanly behavior and soldierly de- 
portment through all the scenes of the long journey. 

"The battalion, on its special train, passed through nine States and the 
District of Columbia, stayed over night in Baltimore and Cincinnati on the 
way to Nashville, affording the men a chance for sightseeing, and were two 
days at the Exposition in Nashville, parading in fatigue uniform on Brooklyn 



60 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



Day, through the rain, and in their dress uniform on New York Day, 
their splendid appearance on all occasions causing much favorable comment. 
In Nashville and Washington the guardsmen were thought to be regulars— 
quite a compliment to their marching and drill. 

" From Nashville the battalion went to Mammoth Cave, Ky., stayed at the 
hotel over night and next morning, in a body, explored the subterranean 
caverns, and embarked in boats on the dark waters that flow in the lowest 
level of the great cave. From Mammoth Cave the run was made to Wash- 
ington, D. C., the party reaching there Thursday night. The battalion was 
received in the east room of the White House on Friday morning by Presi- 
dent McKinley, and at 1.30 the march was made to the special that conveyed 
the guard home. The train accommodations on the whole trip were good 
and the men sent a testimonial of thanks and appreciation to the Baltimore 




ILLINOIS STATE BUILDING. 

and Ohio and Lackawanna and Western railroads and to the passenger 
agents of both lines, who accompanied the battalion. There were about 
one hundred in the party, twenty-five men from the Thirteenth Regiment, 
commanded by Captain Harry A. Williams ; twenty-five men from the Four- 
teenth Regiment, commanded by Captain John F. Carroll ; also, ten men 
from the Forty-seventh Regiment, tinder the same command ; twenty men 
from the Twenty third Regiment, commanded by Captain Charles G. Todd: 
nine men from Troop C, commanded by Sergeant Curie, and four men 
from the Signal Corps, commanded by Sergeant V. E. B. Fuller. The battal- 
ion staff was as follows : Adjutant, Lieutenant G. P. Bagnall ; quartermaster. 
Captain E. J. Olden; commissary. Captain T. H. Avery; assistant com- 
missary. Captain H. C. Barthman ; inspector of rifle practice, Captain E. J. 
Kraft ; surgeon. Captain A. R. Jarrett." 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



61 



SPLENDID RAILROAD FACILITIES. 

In conclusion, a few words shovild be said about the excel- 
lent railroad facilities which the Brooklvnites enjoyed during 
their week's absence from home. No small part of the success 
of the trip was due to the service rendered by the lines over 
which the partv traveled. To say that it was good would 
be putting it mildlv. The arrangements made b\' the Penn- 
svlvania, Norfolk and Western, the vSouthem, the Nashville, 




A ROOM IN THE WOMEN S BUILDING. 



Chattanooga and St. Louis, and the Louisville and Nash- 
ville Railroads to take care of the Brooklyn party were 
simplv perfect, and each road seemed to vie with the others 
in doing ever\'thing possible to add to the comfort of the 
travelers. Leaving the Pennsylvania depot at Jersey City 
five minutes late Friday, October 8th, the run to Philadel- 
phia was made on schedule time, with onl\^ one engine to 
pull the heavy train of nine massive Pullman cars. At this 



62 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 




STAIRWAY IN WOMEN S BUII.UING. 



point an extra engine was added to pidl up the heav}^ grades 
to Harrisburg, and it required two engines all the way to 
Nashville. 

The first day's ride was through the beautiful Shenan- 
doah Valley, in the scenerj^ of which the Norfolk and Western 
Railroad may well take pride. Mr. L. J. Ellis, the Eastern 
Passenger Agent of the road, accompanied the party and 
did the honors while traveling on his line. Two of the big- 
gest wonders in North America, the Luray Caverns and the 
Natural Bridge, on this road, were duly inspected and highly 
appreciated by the party. From Bristol, Tenn., to Chatta- 
nooga the run was made over the Southern Railway, a rep- 
resentative of the road joining the party at Bristol, and the 
party was treated to some pretty fast traveling. The scenery 
on this part of the route is most beautiful, but the run was 
made during the night while all but a few "night hawks " on 
the rear platform of the observation car, were sound asleep. 

The Nashville, Chattanooga and St. Louis Railwaj^ took 
the train in charge at Chattanooga, and took most excellent 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



63 



care of it, not onh' on the run to Nashville btit during the 
three davs the party stopped at the centennial cit}'. The 
ride to Nashville over this line was through one of the finest 
sections of Tennessee, over mountains and through fertile 
farming districts. The time made was better than scheduled, 
cind the party arrived in Nashville earh' in the evening. 
This road did more to accommodate the Brookh'n party 
than it did for an}- other special train during the Exposition 
season. It parked the cars right at the Fair grounds, con- 
venient to the entrance gate and the downtown city trains, 
switched the train several times a day so as to enable the 
crew to stock up with ice and water, and showed man}' other 
unusual courtesies. Special permits v^ere issued to a number 
of the party stopping at the hotel in the cit}' to bring their 
trunks to the Exposition grounds on the suburban trains. 
Leaving Nashville at midnight Wednesday last, the trip 
to Mammoth Cave and Cincinnati was made over the 
Louisville and Nashville Railroad, and Mr. John E. Burke, 




LIBRARY IN WOMEN S BUILDING. 



64 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



the Eastern Passenger Agent of the road, who accompanied 
the party back to New York, is authoritj^ for the statement 
that it is the " only railroad" in the South. However, no 
one argued the point with him. The Louisville and Nash- 
ville is certainly a fine road on which to travel, the rails are 
of the heaviest, steadiest and smoothest, and the entire sys- 
tem is thoroughh^ rock ballasted. Mr. Burke had reason 
to be proud of the record breaking I'un which was made 




A BEDROOM EXHIBIT. 



between the cave and Cincinnati, a large portion of the jour- 
ney being made at the rate of over fifty miles an hour. 

At Cincinnati the special was delayed two hours to 
get a new suppl}^ of gas for the cars. To make up this 
time the Pennsylvania Railroad attached its most pow- 
erful engines and made a v^^onderful run to Pittsburgh, 
where onl}^ a short stop was made. From Pittsburgh to 
New York the train fairly flew over the ground and around 
curves, over mountains and through valleys. The time was 
so fast, the motion made by flying around curves caused a 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 65 

few people to feel as though they were on shipboard. Mr. 
D. A. Smith, Traveling Passenger Agent of the Pennsylvania 
Railroad, accompanied by his wife, made the round trip. 
Next day it was Mr. Smith's turn to talk, while Mr. Burke 
said nothing. Mr. Smith went Burke one better and thought 
there was onh' one railroad in the country and that was 
the Pennsvdvania. Two engines hauled the train over the 
mountains and around the Horseshoe Curve to Altoona, 
after which point only one was needed on the down grade. 
In order to save time and about twenty five miles in dis- 
tance, the Pennsylvania Road arranged to run the train over 
the Trenton cut-off, thereby leaving out Philadelphia. The 
Jersej^ Cit}^ depot was reached shortl}' after 8 o'clock, very 
near to the time originally scheduled. Great assistance was 
also rendered the Commission by Samuel Carpenter, Eastern 
Passenger Agent of the Pennsylvania Railroad in New York, 
and Mr. W. W. Lord, Jr., his assistant, and also by Mr. Alex- 
ander Thweatt, Eastern Passenger Agent of the Southern 
Railroad in New York. 

Another word of praise is due the service and equipment 
furnished the Brookh^n party by the Pullman Palace Car 
Company. There was probably never a finer train of cars 
made up by this company. The combination baggage and 
smoker was complete in eveiw detail, and contained a barber 
shop and a bath-room. The state-room and drawing-room 
cars were models of convenience, and contained all the com- 
forts of a modei'n hotel room. The dining ear service was of 
the very best, and the menus were excellent. The train was 
in charge of Conductor C. F. Hammet, who v^^as remembered 
by many of the partj' most pleasantly as the genial conductor 
of the Atlanta special two \'ears before. The dining car 
stev^^ards, porters, waiters, cooks and messengers were from 
the oldest and most able corps of the Pullman working force. 
They were polite, coui"teous and thoroughh^ alive to the 
wants and comforts of the excursionists. Mr. Duncan, the 
efficient head of the Commissary Department of the Pullman 
Company, accompanied the part3^ 



66 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



ROSTER OF THE PROVISIONAL BATTALION. 

The following are names of the membei's of the Pro- 
visional Battalion that acted as escort to the Brooklyn and 
New York Commissioners : 

Thirteenth Regiment — Lieutenant-Colonel Chas. H. Ltis- 
comb, field; Captain A. R. Jarrett, staff; Captain H. A. 
Williams, Company G; First Lieutenant J. T. Ashlej^ Com- 
pany G; Second Lieutenant T. D. Croffutt, Compan\^ B; 

Sergeant-Major T. M. Har- 
vey, Quartermaster-Ser- 
geant A.Klar and Ordnance 
Sergeant J. McNevin, N. C. 
S. ; First Sergeant F. W. 
Nash, Corapan}' G; First 
Sergeant Geo. Smith, Com- 
pany E; Quartermaster-Ser- 
geant A. I. Eason, Company 
G ; Sergeant E. Lovenberg, 
Company G; Sergeant J. 
H. Morris, Company F"; 
Corporal A. T. Johnston, 
Company A; Private H. J. 
Moeller, Company C ; Pri- 
vate J. C. Arnott, Company 
D; Private A. Winant, 
Company D; Privates L. 
B. Becker, J. Manneschmidt, M. P. Cook, A. L. Conklin, Jr., 
and Clarence R^'der, Compan\^ G; Private J. P. Stagg, Com- 
pany K; Musician E. S. Mansfield, Companj^ B. 

Foui'teenth Regiment — Captain John F". Carroll, Company 
F; Captain T. H. Aver3^ Company C; First Sergeant Geo. 
P. Eldridge, Company C; Commanding Sergeant, Ramon 
Cardona, Ordnance Sergeant P. Farrell and Sergeant-Major 
W. J. Mullin, Non-Commissioned Staff; Sergeant Thomas 




LIEUTENANT-COLONEL LUSCOMB, 
Commanding the Provisional Battalion. 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



67 



Rome, Cotnpan}^ I; Sergeant J. W. Creigliton, Company F; 
Sergeant David Thorne, Companj^ C; Sergeant Wm. Head- 
rich, Company F; Corporal F. A. Evealand, Companj^ D; 
Corporal Geo.Rejmolds, Company F; Privates A. E. Burrill, 
John Dubois, Frank Pearce, John D. P'oote, T. A. Hooper, 
Company C; John R. Edwards and H. H. Wilkinson, 
Company A; A. N. Edlund, Company G; Musician 
Peter A. Nealis, Company C; Musician E. H. Beardsley, 
Company I; Musician W. E. Hines, Company H. 

Twenty-third Regiment — 
Captain C. G. Todd and Lieu- 
tenant W. J. Travis, Company 
K; Ordnance Sergeant Chas. 
E. Brj'ant, N. C. S. ; Sergeant 

E. Codet, Company K; Ser- 
geant J. P. D. Shiebler, Com- 
pany H ; Corporal A. R. Boe- 
rum, Company K; Corporal 

F. G. Sinzheimer, Company H; 
Privates F. DeR. Boerum, W. 
R. French and W. F. Hillman, 
Company K ; Private W. N. 
Kenyon, Company D; Private 
A. H. Shiebler, Company A; 
Private J. F. Tormey, Com- ueutenant g. p. bagnall, 

pany C; Private F. H. Whit- Member o£ the Brooklyn commission. 

lock. Company K. 

Forty-seventh Regiment — Captain H. C. Barthman, Com- 
pany I; Captain E.J. Olden, Company B; Sergeant-Major 
W.J. Wilson and Color Sergeant J. E. D. Breen, N. C. S.; 
Corporal R. R. Miller, Company F; Corporal C. F. Way, 
Company I. 

Signal Corps — Sergeant Verdi E. B. Fuller, Privates John 
R. Smith, Reginald W. Earle and Palmer H. Jadwin. 

Supernumerary — First Lieutenant G. P. Bagnall. 




68 



TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL 



Troop C. — Sergeants Charles Curie, Jr., and Edw. H. 
Walker, Veterinary Sergeant W. H. Pendry, Trumpeter 
Louis Barrett, Privates Lewis G. Langstaft", F. A. Lane, 




Robert B. Field, Anthony Fiala and WilHam B. Bryant. 
Three ex-members and two prospective members of the 
Twenty -third Regiment also accompanied the battalion. 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



019 713 608 A 



